If you have never played before and want to learn the rules this is a quick tutorial that should take about 10-15 minutes at which point you will be ready to play your first game. This is also a good review for you after learning the rules for the first time in person at the go club. It is very important to make sure that you completely understand the implications of the rules related to life and death.
Along with learning the rules you probably also want to become more knowledgeable about go related things in general and these two websites are the best English websites out there for go related information.
Once you understand the rules, working problems is essential to improving. First as a beginner you need to do lots of basic life and death problems in order to get better at determining which shapes are alive and dead as well as how to make your groups live and kill your opponents' groups. And as you improve you must continue working life and death problems to improve your brain muscles so you can read far ahead in games.
Sensei's Library Beginner Exercises.
This is a good beginner's collection focusing on basic tactics used in making two eyes and preventing the opponent from doing so.
Go Base Problem Collection
Unfortunately registering for a Go Base account has not been working recently. The Korean Problem Academy Collection is excellent but requires a password to use which you may not be able to get. The warming up problems are good too and don't require a password.
goproblems.com
This site has lots and lots and lots of go problems.
Of course being that you are soo excited to play just having learned how to play go I'm sure you want to be able to play online. KGS is the biggest English online server and is very easy to use. Our club members' KGS usernames are posted in the member list section off the main website.
I would also recomend that you play some on a 9x9 board against igowin. This is a free computer program that should be able to give you some practice on a 9x9 board and it is downloadable off the kgs website.
Where to go from here?
Playing games, working problems, and reading go books are all essential to improving.
The Rice library has 5-10 go books. Two or three of them are related to teaching beginners the rules as well as basic strategic concepts and tactics and are worth reading, especially Basic Principles of Go. Opening Theory Made Easy by Otake Hideo is extremely good to read and is in the library as well. Also, Lessons in the Fundamentals of Go by Kageyama is an enjoyable book to read, though not the most useful strategy book.
Working problems is essential to becoming as strong as possible and is by far the most helpful thing you can do as a beginner to improve. Professionals always recomend working at least thirty minutes of new challenging problems a day. A very good first problem book to get you started with is 1001 Life and Death Problems from Kiseido (Buy 1001 LD Problems Here) and it is going to be the most useful 18$ you are going to spend on anything go related for your first six months to a year of go playing (or however long it takes you to read it three times).
Beyond this I recomend just playing and talking to other go players. Ask stronger players for game reviews and advice on how to improve. Most go players are very willing to help out other players. I personally have a lot of go books which you can ask to borrow if you'd like.
Beginner's Information written by Jonathan Sobieski